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AP Chemistry


 


This page is still under Construction

This page follows the New AP exam starting Fall 2022

Course Content




 

Unit 1: Atomic Structure and Properties

You’ll learn about the composition of atoms and ways scientists measure and categorize these molecular building blocks.

Topics may include:

  • Moles and molar mass
  • Mass spectroscopy of elements
  • Elemental composition of pure substances
  • Composition of mixtures
  • Atomic structure and electron configuration
  • Photoelectron spectroscopy
  • Periodic trends
  • Valence electrons and ionic compounds

On The Exam

7%–9% of exam score

Unit 2: Molecular and Ionic Compound Structure and Properties

You’ll discover the range of chemical bonds and how their structure can affect the properties of the molecules created.

Topics may include:

  • Types of chemical bonds
  • Intramolecular force and potential energy
  • Structure of ionic solids
  • Structure of metals and alloys
  • Lewis diagrams
  • Resonance and formal charge
  • VSEPR and bond hybridization

On The Exam

7%–9% of exam score

Unit 3: Intermolecular Forces and Properties

You’ll explore how atoms come together to create solids, liquids, and gases, and how subatomic forces govern the properties of everything around you.

Topics may include:

  • Intermolecular forces
  • Solids, liquids, and gases
  • Kinetic molecular theory
  • Solutions and mixtures
  • Photoelectric effect

On The Exam

18%–22% of exam score

Unit 4: Chemical Reactions

You’ll learn how to differentiate physical and chemical processes, and how to measure and express chemical reactions via chemical equations.

Topics may include:

  • Introduction for reactions
  • Net ionic equations
  • Representations of reactions
  • Physical and chemical changes
  • Stoichiometry
  • Types of chemical reactions

On The Exam

7%–9% of exam score

 

 

 

Unit 5: Kinetics

You’ll explore various methods to observe the changes that occur during a chemical reaction and the effects of a series of reactions.

Topics may include:

  • Reaction rate
  • Introduction to rate law
  • Elementary reactions
  • Collision model
  • Introduction to reaction mechanisms
  • Multistep reaction energy profile
  • Catalysis

On The Exam

7%–9% of exam score

Unit 6: Thermodynamics

You’ll learn about energy changes in chemical reactions and how a transfer of energy can change a substance’s physical qualities.

Topics may include:

  • Endothermic and exothermic processes
  • Heat transfer and thermal equilibrium
  • Heat capacity and calorimetry
  • Energy of phase changes
  • Introduction to enthalpy of reaction
  • Enthalpy of formation
  • Hess’s law

On The Exam

7%–9% of exam score


Unit 7: Equilibrium

You’ll chart how chemical reactions change over time, what causes substances to reach equilibrium, and how systems react when that equilibrium is disturbed.

Topics may include:

  • Introduction to equilibrium
  • Calculating the equilibrium constant
  • Calculating equilibrium concentrations
  • Introduction to Le Châtelier’s principle
  • Introduction to solubility equilibria
  • pH and solubility
  • Free energy of dissolution

On The Exam

7%–9% of exam score

Unit 8: Acids and Bases

You’ll learn more about pH, the qualities and properties of acids and bases, and how they interact in chemical reactions.

Topics may include:

  • Introduction to acids and bases
  • pH and pOH of strong acids and bases
  • Acid-base reactions and buffers
  • Molecular structure of acids and bases
  • pH and pKa
  • Properties of buffers

On The Exam

11%–15% of exam score

 

Unit 9: Applications of Thermodynamics

You’ll be introduced to the concept of “thermodynamic favorability” for reactions, meaning how likely they are to occur given energy changes and environmental factors.

Topics may include:

  • Introduction to entropy
  • Gibbs free energy and thermodynamic favorability
  • Thermodynamic and kinetic control
  • Free energy and equilibrium
  • Galvanic (voltaic) and electrolyte cells
  • Electrolysis and Faraday’s law

On The Exam

7%–9% of exam score